Açıklama
"Freedom of Speech" by Zechariah Chafee, Jr. is a legal treatise written in the early 20th century. It examines how far governments may restrict expression—especially during war—while preserving the democratic value of open debate. Grounded in history and case law, it argues for strong protection of political criticism and for limiting punishment to speech that directly and dangerously threatens lawful order.
The opening of the book frames the postwar controversy over free expression by rejecting two extremes: that the Bill of Rights vanishes in war, and that all speech is immune from regulation. It critiques the Blackstonian view that freedom means only no prior censorship, and the vague liberty-versus-license formula, insisting instead on a principled test. Drawing on American constitutional history—Madison, Jefferson, Franklin—and repudiating English-style “seditious libel,” it argues that punishment cannot rest on mere “bad tendency” or presumed intent. Chafee proposes balancing t
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